{"id":12832,"date":"2025-01-15T13:00:16","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T13:00:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/seegman.com\/review-of-clauses-on-variable-remuneration-in-the-bylaws\/"},"modified":"2025-02-11T22:38:05","modified_gmt":"2025-02-11T22:38:05","slug":"review-of-clauses-on-variable-remuneration-in-the-bylaws","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/seegman.com\/en\/review-of-clauses-on-variable-remuneration-in-the-bylaws\/","title":{"rendered":"Review of clauses on variable remuneration in the bylaws"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"12832\" class=\"elementor elementor-12832 elementor-12809\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-aeb57ba elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"aeb57ba\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7c289b3\" data-id=\"7c289b3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-66ee9c0 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"66ee9c0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-wider\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5bfa664\" data-id=\"5bfa664\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50b0ecd elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"50b0ecd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Review of clauses on variable remuneration in the bylaws<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-09b7820\" data-id=\"09b7820\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4d0c1ad elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-items-stretch elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4d0c1ad\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2966d49\" data-id=\"2966d49\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7733ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e7733ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><em>The clauses in the articles of association regulating the variable remuneration of directors in companies must include \u2018general reference indicators or parameters\u2019 for the determination of such remuneration, stressing that ambiguity in these concepts may lead to their nullity, in accordance with the Directorate General for Legal Security and Public Faith (DGSJFP) in its resolution of 21 October 2024, published in the Official State Gazette on 21 November.<\/em><\/h5>\n<p>In the case analysed, a limited liability company included in its articles of association the possibility of establishing a variable remuneration for executive directors, based on general indicators. This clause, although unusual, gave the general shareholders\u2019 meeting the power to determine annually the remuneration items included in the management contracts. However, the commercial registrar questioned the validity of this provision with regard to the lack of specificity of the variable remuneration parameters.<\/p>\n<p>The DGSJFP confirmed the registrar&#8217;s negative qualification, considering that the reference indicators or parameters must be defined in the articles of association, although it admits a certain interpretative flexibility. The absence of specificity could compromise transparency and the informed consent of the shareholders, who must approve these parameters from the outset or by reinforced majorities in the event of amendment.<\/p>\n<p>Key arguments include the principle of prior determination, which means that the articles of association should reflect remuneration items in such a way that shareholders understand their impact on the management of the company in both the short and long term.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, attention should be paid to the insufficiency of generic formulas, so that expressions such as \u2018target-based remuneration\u2019 are considered indeterminate, particularly in closed companies that do not have specific remuneration policies.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, it is suggested to include financial indicators (such as EBITDA, net turnover or cash flow) and non-financial indicators (performance evaluations, sustainability or diversity goals), which can be further specified in management contracts.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-aa8a01e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"aa8a01e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1a6805f\" data-id=\"1a6805f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d92145 elementor-align-left elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"9d92145\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div 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elementor-element-752a4d4 elementor-align-right elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"752a4d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/boe\/dias\/2024\/11\/21\/pdfs\/BOE-A-2024-24307.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-readme\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">SEE  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>\n\t\t\t\tPrivate limited company or public limited company in Portugal: practical guide for investors\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Investors setting up a company in Portugal usually end up choosing between two corporate forms: the private limited company (sociedade por quotas, Lda.) and the<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/seegman.com\/en\/private-limited-company-or-public-limited-company-in-portugal-practical-guide-for-investors\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Private limited company or public limited company in Portugal: practical guide for investors\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-load-more-anchor\" data-page=\"1\" data-max-page=\"55\" data-next-page=\"https:\/\/seegman.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12832\/page\/2\/\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<nav 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[&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6619,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[99,79,101,100,95],"tags":[87],"class_list":["post-12832","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all","category-article","category-business-law","category-corporate-governance","category-derecho-de-los-negocios","tag-article"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Review of clauses on variable remuneration in the bylaws<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The clauses in the articles of association regulating the variable remuneration of directors in companies must include \u2018general reference indicators or parameters\u2019 for the determination of such remuneration\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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