
Amendment of Article 365.3 of the Capital Companies Act (LSC): Nine Months On
Executive summary In January 2025, the Organic Law 1/2025 was introduced, which amended article 365.3 of Spain’s Companies Act (LSC). The reform grants company directors
Qualification Criteria
Portugal has established clear criteria for startups seeking certification. To qualify, a company (i) must have been active for less than 10 years, (ii) have fewer than 250 employees, (iii) have an annual turnover of no more than 50 million euros, (iv) cannot be the result of the transformation or spin-off of a large company and (v) cannot have a majority shareholding in a large company.
These criteria, among others, set the scene for startups seeking to qualify for the benefits of the NHR 2024.
NHR 2024 for employees and board members of startups
Tax residents in Portugal from 2024 onwards enjoy a flat rate of 20% on personal income earned in Portugal and exemption from tax on foreign income from various categories.
Other benefits
In short, the NHR 2024 is more than a tax incentive; it’s a catalyst for growth, innovation and international collaboration. By fostering a welcoming environment for startups, Portugal stands out as a beacon for those seeking not only tax advantages, but also a vibrant ecosystem to boost their entrepreneurial journey.
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Executive summary In January 2025, the Organic Law 1/2025 was introduced, which amended article 365.3 of Spain’s Companies Act (LSC). The reform grants company directors
Spain’s National Securities Market Commission (CNMV) has announced the creation of an Expert Committee to revise the Good Governance Code for listed companies (CBG). The
Did you know that more than 85% of companies in Spain are family‑owned? This business model not only drives employment and the national economy but